Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, dilated pupils, general weakness, tachycardia, clonic convulsions, respiratory paralysis. Occur when the patient does not comply with the dosage regimen and takes the drug in doses several times higher than the therapeutic ones.
Treatment: gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal, infusion of water-salt solutions, as well as 5 or 10% glucose solution, administration of anticonvulsants, cardiotonics, respiratory analeptics and other symptomatic agents. You should monitor the work of the respiratory system, blood pressure and heart rate.
hypersensitivity to the active or any of the excipients of the drug,
acute myocardial infarction,
unstable angina,
cardiac arrhythmia,
recent cerebral circulatory disorder,
atherosclerosis,
severe arterial hypertension,
lactase deficiency, galactosemia, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome (the drug contains lactose),
pregnancy,
breastfeeding period,
age before 18 and after 65 years.
With caution: other forms of coronary heart disease (stable angina, asymptomatic (silent) myocardial ischemia, vasospastic angina, syndrome "X" (microvascular angina), heart failure, high blood pressure, brain vascular diseases, obliterating arterial diseases, hyperthyroidism, stomach ulcers, diabetes, kidney or liver failure, some forms of schizophrenia, the presence of chromaffin tumors of the adrenal glands, gastroesophageal reflux disease, persons with long-term smoking experience and persons over 40-45 years of age (see. "Special instructions»). The use of the drug in patients with diseases listed in the section "With caution" is possible only after consulting a doctor
After stopping smoking, the side effects of theophylline, ropinirole, clozapine and olanzapine may increase.
With simultaneous use of the drug Cytisin® with acetylcholine, carbachol, galantamine, pyridostigmine, rivastigmine, distigmine, it is possible to increase cholinomimetic side effects (salivation, lacrimation, bronchial secretion with cough and the risk of an asthma attack, pupil constriction, colic, nausea, vomiting, frequent urination, increased muscle tone or sudden muscle contractions).
The use of the drug Cytisin® simultaneously with lovastatin, simvastatin, fluvastatin, pravastatin, etc. increases the risk of muscle pain.
Simultaneous use of Cytisin® with antihypertensive drugs (propranolol, etc.), it can weaken their effect.
Substance
The drug is usually well tolerated, the observed side effects are mild or moderate. Most of them appear at the beginning of treatment and pass on their own. Most often, they are associated with quitting smoking and are manifested by dizziness, headache and insomnia.
In the recommended doses, the drug Cytisin® does not cause serious adverse effects.
The following side effects are possible:
From the CCC side: tachycardia, slight increase in blood pressure, palpitations.
From the central nervous system: headache, dizziness, insomnia or drowsiness, increased irritability.
From the respiratory system: shortness of breath.
From the gastrointestinal tract: dry mouth, nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, changes in taste and appetite.
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: muscle aches.
From the side of metabolism and nutrition: weight loss, increased sweating.
Other: chest pain.
Nicotine addiction (to facilitate smoking cessation).
Physical and psychological dependence on nicotine is considered a certain type of disease that leads to the inability to abstain from smoking, even if you understand its negative effects.
The alkaloid cytisine, which is the active substance of the drug, has an n-cholinomimetic effect, excites the ganglia of the autonomic nervous system, reflexively stimulates the respiratory center, causes the release of adrenaline from the adrenal medulla, increases blood pressure.
With a close similarity to the mechanism of action of nicotine, cytisine has a much lower toxicity and a greater therapeutic index.
Cytisine competitively suppresses the interaction of nicotine with the corresponding receptors, which leads to a gradual decrease and disappearance of nicotine dependence.
Pharmacokinetic studies in humans have not been conducted.
Cytisin
Cytisine
Inside, whole, washed down with a sufficient amount of liquid. Do not exceed the recommended dose. It is advisable to start taking the drug after setting the patient to completely stop smoking.
The drug should be used according to the following scheme: from the 1st to the 3rd day-1 table. 6 times a day (every 2 hours), gradually reducing the number of cigarettes smoked. The pill should be taken between episodes of smoking to lengthen the intervals between smoking cigarettes to minimize their consumption. The interval of reception every 2 hours should be observed. If the result is unsatisfactory, the treatment should be stopped and after 2-3 months you can start it again.
With a good effect, the treatment is continued according to the following scheme: from the 4th to the 12th day-1 table every 2.5 hours, from the 13th to the 16th day-1 table every 3 hours, from the 17th to the 20th day-1 table every 5 hours, from the 21st to the 25th day-1-2 tables. in the day.
It is strongly recommended to stop smoking no later than the 5th day from the start of treatment. The combination of drug therapy with consultations, including measures of psychological support for the patient, significantly increases the effectiveness of treatment.
