No human overdosage data are available for OBREDON Oral Solution.
HydrocodoneOverdosage with hydrocodone is characterized by respiratory depression (a decrease in respiratory rate and/or tidal volume, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, cyanosis), extreme somnolence progressing to stupor or coma, skeletal muscle flaccidity, dizziness, ringing in the ears, confusion, blurred vision, eye problems, cold and clammy skin, and sometimes bradycardia and hypotension. In severe overdose, apnea, circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest and death may occur.
GuaifenesinOverdosage with guaifenesin can cause depression of the central nervous system. While present in polypharmacy overdoses, one case of overdose with only significant levels of guaifenesin has been reported. Symptoms included slurred speech, shallow respirations, reduced heart rate with rhythm sinus bradycardia, followed by asystole.
Treatment of overdosage consists of discontinuation of OBREDON Oral Solution together with institution of appropriate therapy. Primary attention should be given to the reestablishment of adequate respiratory exchange through provision of a patent airway and the institution of assisted or controlled ventilation. The opioid antagonist naloxone hydrochloride is a specific antidote for respiratory depression which may result from overdosage or unusual sensitivity to opioids including hydrocodone. Therefore, an appropriate dose of naloxone hydrochloride should be administered, preferably by the intravenous route, simultaneously with efforts at respiratory resuscitation. For further information, see full prescribing information for naloxone hydrochloride. An antagonist should not be administered in the absence of clinically significant respiratory depression. Oxygen, intravenous fluids, vasopressors, and other supportive measures should be employed as indicated. Gastric emptying may be useful in removing unabsorbed drug.
Use of hydrocodone bitartrate is associated with the following:
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.
The most common adverse reactions experienced by subjects taking a single dose of OBREDON Oral Solution in the clinical setting include the following: Central Nervous System: headache, dizziness, sedation (somnolence); Gastrointestinal System: nausea, diarrhea; Cardiovascular System: decreased blood pressure; Vascular System: hot flush.
OBREDON Oral Solution is indicated for symptomatic relief of cough and to loosen mucus associated with the common cold.
Important Limitations of UseNot indicated for pediatric patients under 18 years of age.
Systemic exposure (in terms of peak plasma concentrations and area under plasma concentration versus time curve) of hydrocodone bitartrate and guaifenesin after single dose administration of 10 mL OBREDON Oral Solution are equivalent to respective reference solutions of 5 mL hydrocodone bitartrate (5 mg/5 mL), and 10 mL guaifenesin (200 mg/5 mL).
HydrocodoneFollowing a single 10 mL oral dose of OBREDON Oral Solution administered to 36 healthy adults (19-74 years), the geometric mean Cmax and AUC0-inf for hydrocodone were 12.6 ng/ml and 80.9 ng·hr/ml, respectively. The median time to maximum concentration for hydrocodone was about 1.25 hours. Food has no significant effect on the extent of absorption of hydrocodone. The mean plasma half-life of hydrocodone is approximately 5 hours.
GuaifenesinFollowing a single 10 mL oral dose of OBREDON Oral Solution administered to 57 healthy adults (19-74 years), the geometric mean Cmax and AUC0-inf for guaifenesin were 3.7 mcg/ml and 4.2 mcg·hr/ml, respectively. The median time to maximum concentration was about 20 minutes. The effect of food on guaifenesin systemic exposure is not considered to be clinically meaningful. The mean plasma half-life of guaifenesin is approximately 1 hour.
Pregnancy Category C
There are no adequate and well controlled studies of OBREDON Oral Solution in pregnant women. Reproductive toxicity studies have not been conducted with OBREDON Oral Solution; however, studies are available with an individual active ingredient or related active ingredient. Hydrocodone was teratogenic in hamsters. Codeine, an opiate related to hydrocodone, increased resorptions and decreased fetal weight in rats. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, OBREDON Oral Solution should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
HydrocodoneHydrocodone has been shown to be teratogenic in hamsters when given in a dose approximately 27 times the maximum recommended human daily dose (MRHDD) (on a mg/m² basis at a single subcutaneous dose of 102 mg/kg on gestation day 8). Reproductive toxicology studies were also conducted with codeine, an opiate related to hydrocodone. In a study in which pregnant rats were dosed throughout organogenesis, a dose of codeine approximately 40 times the MRHDD of hydrocodone (on a mg/m² basis at an oral dose of 120 mg/kg/day of codeine) increased resorptions and decreased fetal weight; however, these effects occurred in the presence of maternal toxicity. In studies in which rabbits and mice were dosed throughout organogenesis, doses of codeine up to approximately 20 and 100 times, respectively, the MRHDD of hydrocodone (on a mg/m² basis at oral doses of 30 and 600 mg/kg/day, respectively), produced no adverse developmental effects. Nonteratogenic Effects: Babies born to mothers who have been taking opioids regularly prior to delivery will be physically dependent. The withdrawal signs include irritability and excessive crying, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, increased respiratory rate, increased stools, sneezing, yawning, vomiting, and fever. The intensity of the syndrome does not always correlate with the duration of maternal opioid use or dose.
Each 5 mL contains hydrocodone bitartrate, USP, 2.5 mg; and guaifenesin, USP, 200 mg.
Storage And HandlingOBREDON Oral Solution is supplied as a clear, raspberry or cherry punch flavored liquid containing 2.5 mg hydrocodone bitartrate and 200 mg guaifenesin in each 5 mL. It is available in:
White HDPE bottles of 16 fl oz (473 mL): NDC 58716-492-16
(raspberry flavored)
White HDPE bottles of 4 fl oz (118 mL): NDC 58716-492-04
(raspberry flavored)
White HDPE bottles of 16 fl oz (473 mL): NDC 58716-505-16
(cherry punch flavored)
White HDPE bottles of 4 fl oz (118 mL): NDC 58716-505-04
(cherry punch flavored)
Store solution at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F).
Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container, as defined in the USP, with a child-resistant closure.
Distributed by: Sovereign Pharmaceuticals, LLC Fort Worth, TX 76118. Revised: Nov 2014
Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section.
PRECAUTIONS Respiratory DepressionHydrocodone bitartrate, one of the active ingredients in OBREDON Oral Solution, produces dose-related respiratory depression by directly acting on brain stem respiratory centers. Overdose of hydrocodone bitartrate in adults has been associated with fatal respiratory depression, and the use of hydrocodone bitartrate in children less than 6 years of age has been associated with fatal respiratory depression. Exercise caution when administering OBREDON Oral Solution because of the potential for respiratory depression. If respiratory depression occurs, it may be antagonized by the use of naloxone hydrochloride and other supportive measures when indicated.
Drug DependenceHydrocodone can produce drug dependence of the morphine type and therefore, has the potential for being abused. Psychic dependence, physical dependence, and tolerance may develop upon repeated administration of OBREDON Oral Solution. Prescribe and administer OBREDON Oral Solution with the same degree of caution appropriate to the use of other opioid drugs.
Head Injury And Increased Intracranial PressureThe respiratory depression effects of opioids and their capacity to elevate cerebrospinal fluid pressure may be markedly exaggerated in the presence of head injury, other intracranial lesions, or a pre-existing increase in intracranial pressure. Furthermore, opioids produce adverse reactions which may obscure the clinical course of patients with head injuries. The use of OBREDON Oral Solution should be avoided in these patients.
Activities Requiring Mental AlertnessHydrocodone bitartrate, one of the active ingredients in OBREDON Oral Solution, may produce marked drowsiness and impair the mental and/or physical abilities required for the performance of potentially hazardous tasks such as driving a car or operating machinery. Advise patients to avoid engaging in hazardous tasks requiring mental alertness and motor coordination after ingestion of OBREDON Oral Solution. Concurrent use of OBREDON Oral Solution with alcohol or other central nervous system depressants should be avoided because additional impairment of central nervous system performance may occur.
Acute Abdominal ConditionsOBREDON Oral Solution should be used with caution in patients with acute abdominal conditions since the administration of hydrocodone may obscure the diagnosis or clinical course of patients with acute abdominal conditions. The concurrent use of other anticholinergics with hydrocodone may produce paralytic ileus.
Co-administration With AnticholinergicsThe concurrent use of anticholinergics with hydrocodone may produce paralytic ileus. Exercise caution when using OBREDON Oral Solution in patients taking anticholinergic medications.
Co-administration With MAOIs Or Tricyclic AntidepressantsOBREDON Oral Solution should not be used in patients receiving MAOI therapy or within 14 days of stopping such therapy. The use of MAOIs or tricyclic antidepressants with hydrocodone bitartrate may increase the effect of either the antidepressant or hydrocodone.
Persistent CoughOBREDON Oral Solution should not be used in patients with a persistent or chronic cough such as occurs with smoking, asthma, chronic bronchitis, or emphysema, or where cough is accompanied by excessive phlegm (mucus).
DosingPatients should be advised to measure OBREDON Oral Solution with an accurate milliliter measuring device. Patients should be informed that a household teaspoon is not an accurate measuring device and could lead to overdosage, which can result in serious adverse reactions. Patients should be advised to ask their pharmacist to recommend an appropriate measuring device and for instructions for measuring the correct dose.
Coexisting ConditionsOBREDON Oral Solution should be used with caution in patients with diabetes, thyroid disease, Addison's disease, prostatic hypertrophy or urethral stricture, and asthma.
Renal ImpairmentOBREDON Oral Solution should be used with caution in patients with severe renal impairment..
Hepatic ImpairmentOBREDON Oral Solution should be used with caution in patients with severe hepatic impairment.
Patient Counseling Information OverdosageAdvise patients not to increase the dose or dosing frequency of OBREDON Oral Solution because serious adverse events such as respiratory depression may occur with overdosage.
DosingAdvise patients to measure OBREDON Oral Solution with an accurate milliliter measuring device. Patients should be informed that a household teaspoon is not an accurate measuring device and could lead to overdosage, especially when half a teaspoon is measured. Patients should be advised to ask their pharmacist to recommend an appropriate measuring device and for instructions for measuring the correct dose.
Concomitant Use of Alcohol and Other Central Nervous System DepressantsAdvise patients to avoid the use of alcohol and other central nervous system depressants while taking OBREDON Oral Solution because additional reduction in mental alertness may occur.
Activities Requiring Mental AlertnessAdvise patients to avoid engaging in hazardous tasks that require mental alertness and motor coordination such as operating machinery or driving a motor vehicle as OBREDON Oral Solution may produce marked drowsiness.
Drug DependenceCaution patients that OBREDON Oral Solution contains hydrocodone bitartrate and can produce drug dependence.
Nonclinical Toxicology Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of FertilityCarcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and reproductive studies have not been conducted with OBREDON Oral Solution; however, published information is available for the individual active ingredients or related active ingredients. Hydrocodone: Carcinogenicity studies were conducted with codeine, an opiate related to hydrocodone. In 2 year studies in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice, codeine showed no evidence of tumorigenicity at dietary doses up to 70 and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively (approximately 23 and 65 times, respectively, the MRHDD of hydrocodone on a mg/m² basis). Guaifenesin: Carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, or reproductive toxicology studies have not been conducted with guaifenesin.
Use In Specific Populations Pregnancy Teratogenic EffectsPregnancy Category C
There are no adequate and well controlled studies of OBREDON Oral Solution in pregnant women. Reproductive toxicity studies have not been conducted with OBREDON Oral Solution; however, studies are available with an individual active ingredient or related active ingredient. Hydrocodone was teratogenic in hamsters. Codeine, an opiate related to hydrocodone, increased resorptions and decreased fetal weight in rats. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, OBREDON Oral Solution should be used during pregnancy only if the benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
HydrocodoneHydrocodone has been shown to be teratogenic in hamsters when given in a dose approximately 27 times the maximum recommended human daily dose (MRHDD) (on a mg/m² basis at a single subcutaneous dose of 102 mg/kg on gestation day 8). Reproductive toxicology studies were also conducted with codeine, an opiate related to hydrocodone. In a study in which pregnant rats were dosed throughout organogenesis, a dose of codeine approximately 40 times the MRHDD of hydrocodone (on a mg/m² basis at an oral dose of 120 mg/kg/day of codeine) increased resorptions and decreased fetal weight; however, these effects occurred in the presence of maternal toxicity. In studies in which rabbits and mice were dosed throughout organogenesis, doses of codeine up to approximately 20 and 100 times, respectively, the MRHDD of hydrocodone (on a mg/m² basis at oral doses of 30 and 600 mg/kg/day, respectively), produced no adverse developmental effects. Nonteratogenic Effects: Babies born to mothers who have been taking opioids regularly prior to delivery will be physically dependent. The withdrawal signs include irritability and excessive crying, tremors, hyperactive reflexes, increased respiratory rate, increased stools, sneezing, yawning, vomiting, and fever. The intensity of the syndrome does not always correlate with the duration of maternal opioid use or dose.
Labor And DeliveryAs with all opioids, administration of OBREDON Oral Solution to the mother shortly before delivery may result in some degree of respiratory depression in the newborn, especially if higher doses are used.
Nursing MothersCaution should be exercised when OBREDON Oral Solution is administered to nursing mothers. Hydrocodone is known to be excreted in human milk. No studies have been performed to determine if guaifenesin is excreted into breastmilk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from OBREDON Oral Solution, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Pediatric UseSafety and effectiveness of OBREDON Oral Solution in pediatric patients under 18 years of age has not been established. The use of hydrocodone in children less than 6 years of age is associated with fatal respiratory depression.
Geriatric UseClinical studies have not been conducted with OBREDON Oral Solution in geriatric populations. Other reported clinical experience with the individual active ingredients of OBREDON Oral Solution has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and patients younger than 65 years of age. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be made with caution, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
Renal ImpairmentOBREDON Oral Solution should be given with caution in patients with severe impairment of renal function.
Hepatic ImpairmentOBREDON Oral Solution should be given with caution in patients with severe impairment of hepatic function.
10 mL every 4 to 6 hours, not to exceed 6 doses (60 mL) in 24 hours.
Administer OBREDON Oral Solution by the oral route only. Measure OBREDON Oral Solution with an accurate milliliter measuring device. Do not use a household teaspoon to measure the dose.
When guaifenesin and hydrocodone were administered in combination, the pharmacokinetics for each component were similar to those observed when each component was administered separately.
