Symptoms (arrived when taking a single dose of 50 mg): dry mouth, drowsiness, urination delay, constipation, anxiety, increased irritability.
Treatment: vomit should be caused, gastric washed, symptomatic drugs should be prescribed. There is no specific antidote. Hemodialysis is ineffective.
Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, lactase deficiency, galactosemia, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome, pregnancy, breastfeeding, childhood up to 6 years.
With caution - when prescribed to patients in old age; in patients with chronic renal failure.
Pharmacokinetic interaction of cetyrizin with pseudoephedrine, cimethodine, ketokonazole, redytromycin, azithromycin, diazepam and glypizide was not found. The joint purpose of cetyricine with theophylline (400 mg / day) leads to a decrease in the overall clearance of cetyrizin (theophylline kinetics does not change).
Drowsiness, a sense of fatigue, dry mouth, rarely - headache, dizziness, migraine, discomfort in the gastrointestinal tract, allergic reactions (angioneurotic swelling, skin rash, urticaria, skin itching).
Seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis (zud, sneezing, rhinorea, lacrimation, conjunctiva hypermia), urticaria (including.h. chronic idiopathic urticaria), pollinosis (senic fever), itching allergic dermatoses, angioneurotic edema.
Glocks histamine N1receptors. Prevents development and facilitates the course of allergic reactions. Influences the early stage of allergic reactions, limits the release of inflammation mediators at the “late” stage of the allergic reaction, and reduces the migration of eosinophiles, neutrophils and basophiles. Reduces the permeability of capillaries, prevents the development of tissue edema, relieves the spasm of smooth muscles. Eliminates the skin reaction to the introduction of histamine, specific allergens, as well as cooling (with cold urticaria). Almost does not have anticholinergic and anti-serotoninic effects. In therapeutic doses, it has virtually no sedative effect. The start of action after a one-time reception of 10 mg of cetyrizin - after 20 minutes (in 50% of patients) and after 60 minutes (in 95% of patients), the duration - more than 24 hours. Against the background of course treatment, tolerance does not develop. After termination of treatment, the action lasts up to 3 days.
Quickly absorbed from the LCD. Cmax reached after 1 h after taking in. Food does not affect the completeness of absorption, but lengthens by 1 hour of achievement Cmax and reduces its value by 23%. When taken at a dose of 10 mg 1 times a day for 10 days, the equilibrium concentration in the plasma is 310 ng / ml and is observed after 0.5–1.5 hours after admission. The binding with plasma proteins is 93% and does not change at a concentration of cetyrizin in the range of 25–1000 ng / ml. The pharmaceutical parameters of cetyrizin change linearly when assigned to it in a dose of 5 to 60 mg. Distribution volume - 0.5 l / kg. In small quantities, cetyrizin is metabolized in the liver by O-disalkylation with the formation of pharmacologically inactive metabolite (unlike other blockers of histamine H1receptors metabolized in the liver with the participation of the cytochrome P450 system). The drug does not cumulate; 2/3 of the drug is withdrawn unchanged by the kidneys and about 10% with the feces. System Cl Cetirizin is 53 ml / min. T1/2 in adults is 7-10 hours, in children 6-12 years old - 6 hours, 2-6 years old - 5 hours, from 0.5 years to 2 years old - 3.1 hours. In older patients, the half-life increases by 50%, the system clearance decreases by 40% (decreased kidney function). Cetirisin penetrates breast milk. In patients with impaired renal function (Cl creatinine <40 ml / min), the medication of the drug decreases, and the half-life is extended (for example, in patients on hemodialysis, the total Cl is reduced by 70% and amounts to 0.3 ml / min / kg, and the half-life is extended 3 times), which requires a corresponding change in the metering mode. Cetirisin is practically not removed during hemodialysis. In patients with chronic liver diseases (hepatocellular, cholestatic or biliar cirrhosis), an elongation of the half-life of cetrizin by 50% and a decrease in its total clearance by 40% are noted (correction of the dosing mode is required only with a concomitant decrease in the speed of tubular filtration).
Inside, tablets are washed down with a little water. Adults and children over 6 years old are assigned 10 mg each (1 table.) 1 time per day or 5 mg (1/2 table.) 2 times a day. In patients with reduced kidney function (Cl creatinine - 30–49 ml / min), 5 mg / day is prescribed, with severe chronic renal failure (Cl creatinine - 10–30 ml / min) - 5 mg / day after day.
